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features ? full-wave current sensing ? mains supply variation compensated ? programmable load-current limitation with over- and high-load output ? variable soft start ? voltage and current synchronization ? automatic retriggering switchable ? triggering pulse typically 125 ma ? internal supply-v oltage monitoring ? current requirement 3 ma ? temperature-compensated reference voltage applications ? advanced motor control ? grinder ? drilling machine 1. description the u2010b is designed as a phase-control circuit in bipolar technology for motor control applications with load-current feedback and overload protection. it enables load-current detection and has a soft-start function as well as reference voltage output. figure 1-1. block diagram a u tom a tic retriggering limiting detector volt a ge detector su pply volt a ge reference volt a ge volt a ge monitoring s oft s t a rt m a in s volt a ge compen sa tion c u rrent detector level s hift o u tp u t high lo a d overlo a d progr a mm ab le overlo a d protection f u ll w a ve rectifier a u to- s t a rt ph as e control u nit ? = f(v 4 ) m a x i m a x lo a d c u rrent detector 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 1 3 12 10 9 16 1 11 1 a gnd b c u2010b 2 100 % 70 % - + phase-control ic with current feedback and overload protection u2010b 4766c?indco?04/10
2 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b figure 1-2. block diagram with external circuit a u tom a tic retriggering limiting detector volt a ge detector su pply volt a ge reference volt a ge volt a ge monitoring s oft s t a rt lo a d c u rrent compen sa tion m a in s volt a ge compen sa tion c u rrent detector level s hift o u tp u t overlo a d thre s hold s et point v (r6) = 250 mv high lo a d overlo a d lo a d 2 3 0v ~ progr a mm ab le overlo a d protection f u ll w a ve rectifier a u to- s t a rt ph as e control u nit ? = f(v 4 ) m a x m a x i m a x lo a d c u rrent detector + + + 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 1 3 12 10 9 16 1 11 1 a a s 1 b c d1 d 3 led gnd mode b c u2010b 2 100 % 70 % r1 r11 r10 c5 p1 c4 c2 0.1 f 0.15 f 4.7 f c1 22 f c 3 10 nf c7 1 f r6 r7 r14 1 8 k /2w r 3 1 8 0 r4 3 . 3 k 100 k v s r2 33 0 k r 8 470 k r5 3 . 3 k 1 m 50 k - +
3 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 2. pin configuration figure 2-1. pinning dip16/so16 comp control u2010b vref i s en s e c ? iload c s oft i s en s e high load overload mode output vr ? v s gnd v s ync 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 10 11 12 1 3 14 16 15 9 table 2-1. pin description pin symbol function 1 isense load current sensing 2 isense load current sensing 3c ? ramp voltage 4 control control input 5 comp compensation output 6 iload load current limitation 7 csoft soft start 8 vref reference voltage 9 mode mode selection 10 gnd ground 11 vs supply voltage 12 high load high load indication 13 overload overload indication 14 vr ? ramp current adjust 15 vsync voltage synchronization 16 output trigger output
4 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 3. general description 3.1 mains supply the u2010b contains voltage limiting and can be connected with the mains supply via d 1 and r 1 . supply voltage ? between pin 10 and pin 11 ? is smoothed by c 1 . in the case of v 6 70% of the overload threshold voltage, pins 11 and 12 are connected inter- nally whereby v sat 1.2 v. when ? v 6 ? ? v t70 ? , the supply current flows across d 3 . the series resistance r 1 can be calculated as follows: where: v mains = mains supply voltage v smax = maximum supply voltage i tot = total current consumption = i smax + i x i smax = maximum current consumption of the ic i x = current consumption of the external components 3.2 voltage monitoring when the voltage is built up, uncontrolled output pulses are avoided by internal voltage monitor- ing. apart from that, all latches in the circuit (phase control, load limit regulation) are reset and the soft-start capacitor is short- circuited. this guarantees a specified start-up behavior each time the supply voltage is switched on or after short interruptions of the mains supply. soft start is ini- tiated after the supply voltage has been built up. this behavior guarantees a gentle start-up for the motor and automatically ensures the optimum run-up time. 3.3 phase control the function of the phase control is mainly i dentical to the well-known ic u211b. the phase angle of the trigger pulse is derived by comparing the ramp voltage v 3 , which is mains-synchro- nized by the voltage detector, with the set value on the control input, pin 4. the slope of the ramp is determined by c ? and its charging current i ? . the charging current can be varied using r ? at pin 14. the maximum phase angle, max , can also be adjusted by using r ? (minimum cur- rent flow angle ? min), see figure 7-1 on page 10 . when the potential on pin 3 reaches the set point level of pin 4, a trigger pulse width, t p , is deter- mined from the value of c ? (t p = 9 s/nf). at the same time, a latch is set with the output pulse as long as the automatic retriggering has not been activated. when this happens, no more pulses can be generated in that half cycle. the control input at pin 4 (with respect to pin 10) has an active range from v 8 to -1 v. when v 4 = v 8 , then the phase angle is at its maximum, max , i.e., the current flow angle is minimum. the minimum phase angle, min , is set with v 4 -1 v. r 1max v mains v smax ? 2i tot -------------------------------------- =
5 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 3.4 automatic retriggering the current-detector circuit monitors the state of the triac after triggering by measuring the volt- age drop at the triac gate. a current flow through the triac is recognized when the voltage drop exceeds a threshold level of typically 40 mv. if the triac is quenched within the relevant half-wave after triggering (for example owing to low load currents before or after the zero crossing of the current wave, or for commutator motors, owing to brush lifters), the automatic retriggeri ng circuit ensures immediate retriggering, if nec- essary with a high repetition rate, t pp /t p , until the triac remains reliably triggered. 3.5 current synchronization current synchronization fulfils two functions: ? monitoring the current flow after triggering. in case the triac extinguishes again or does not switch on, automatic triggering is activated until the triggering is successful. ? avoiding triggering due to an inductive load. in the case of inductive load operation, the current synchronization ensures that in the new half wave, no pulse will be enabled as long as there is a current available from the previous half wave, which flows fr om the opposite polarity to the actual supply voltage. the current synchronization as described above is a special feature of the u2010b. the device evaluates the voltage at the pulse output between gate and reference electrode of the triac. as a result, no separate current synchronization input with specified series resistance is necessary. 3.6 voltage synchronization wi th mains voltage compensation the voltage detector synchronizes the reference ramp with the mains supply voltage. at the same time, the mains-dependent input current at pin 15 is shaped and rectified internally. this current activates the automatic retriggering and at the same time is available at pin 5. by suit- able dimensioning, it is possible to obtai n the specified compensation effect. automatic retriggering and mains voltage compensation are not activated until ? v 15 - 10 ? increases to 8 v. the resistance r sync. defines the width of the zero voltage cross over pulse, synchronization cur- rent, and hence the mains supply voltage compensation current. figure 3-1. suppression of mains voltage compensation and automatic retrigger if the mains voltage compensation and the automatic retriggering are not required, both func- tions can be suppressed by limiting ? v 15 - 10 ? 7 v, see figure 3-1 . 2 x c6v2 r2 15 10 m a in s u2010b
6 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 3.7 load-current compensation the circuit continuously measures the load current as a voltage drop at resistance r 6 . the eval- uation and use of both half waves results in a quick reaction to load-current change. due to the voltage at resistance r 6 , there is a difference between both i nput currents at pins 1 and 2. this difference controls the internal current source , whose positive current values are available at pins 5 and 6. the output current generated at pi n 5 contains the difference from the load-current detection and from the mains voltage compensation, see figure 1-2 on page 2 . the efficient impedance of the set-point network generates a voltage at pin 4. a current, flowing out of pin 5 through r 10 , modulates this voltage. an increase of mains voltage causes the increase of control angle , an increase of load current results in a decrease in the control angle. this avoids a decrease in revolution by increasi ng the load as well as an increase of revolution by the increment of the mains supply voltage. 3.8 load-current limitation the total output load current is available at pin 6. it results in a voltage drop across r 11 . when the potential of the load current reaches about 70% of the threshold value (v t70 ), i.e., about 4.35 v at pin 6, it switches the high-load com parator and opens the switch between pins 11 and 12. by using an led between these pins (11 and 12), a high-load indication can be realized. if the potential at pin 6 increases to about 6.2 v (= v t100 ), it switches the overload comparator. the result is programmable at pin 9 (operation mode). 3.8.1 mode selection a) max (v 9 = 0) in this mode of operation, pin 13 switches to -v s (pin 11) and pin 6 to gnd (pin 10) after v 6 has reached the threshold v t100 . a soft-start capacitor is then shorted and the control angle is switched to max . this position is maintained until the supply voltage is switched off. the motor can be started again with the soft-start function when the power is switched on again. as the overload condition switches pin 13 to pin 11, it is possible to use a smaller control angle, max , by connecting a further resistance between pins 13 and 14. b) auto start (pin 9 ? open), see figure 7-8 on page 12 the circuit behaves as desc ribed above, with the exception that pin 6 is not connected to gnd. if the value of v6 decreases to 25% of the threshold value (v t25 ), the circuit becomes active again with soft start. c) i max (v 9 = v 8 ), see figure 7-10 on page 13 when v 6 has reached the maximum overload threshold value (i.e., v 6 = v t100 ), pin 13 is switched to pin 8 (v ref ) through the resistance r (= 2 k ) without the soft-start capacitor discharging at pin 7. with this mode of operation, direct load-current control (i max ) is possible.
7 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 4. absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under ?absolute maximum ratings? may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond t hose indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rati ng conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability . reference point pin 10, unless otherwise specified. parameters pin symbol value unit sink current t 10 s 11 -i s 30 ma 11 -i s 100 ma synchronous currents t 10 s 15 i syncv 5ma 15 i syncv 5ma phase control control voltage 4, 8 -v i 0 - v 8 v input current 4 i i 500 a charging current 14 -i j?max 0.5 ma soft start input voltage 7, 8 -v i 0 - v 8 v pulse output input voltage 16 +v i -v i 2 v 11 v v reference voltage source output current t 10 s 8i 0 10 ma 8i 0 30 ma load-current sensing input currents 1, 2 i i 1ma input voltages 5, 6 - v i 0 - v 8 v overload output 13 i l 1ma high-load output t 10 s 12 i l 30 ma 12 i l 100 ma storage temperature range t stg -40 to +125 c junction temperature range t j 125 c ambient temperature range t amb -10 to +100 c 5. thermal resistance parameters symbol value unit junction ambient dip16 so16 on p.c. so16 on ceramic r thja r thja r thja 120 180 100 k/w k/w k/w
8 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 6. electrical characteristics parameters test conditions pin symbol min. typ. max. unit supply 11 supply-voltage limitation -i s = 3.5 ma -i s = 30 ma -v s -v s 14.5 14.6 16.5 16.8 v v current requirement -v s = 13.0 v 1, 2, 8 and 15 open -i s 3.6 ma reference voltage source 8 reference voltage i l = 10 a i l = 2.5 ma -v ref -v ref 8.6 8.4 8.9 8.8 9.2 9.1 v v temperature coefficient i s = 2.5 ma i s = 10 a tc vref tc vref -0.004 +0.006 %/k %/k voltage monitoring 11 turn-on threshold -v son 11.3 12.3 v phase control synchronization 15 input current voltage sync. i syncv 0.15 2 ma voltage limitation i l = 2 ma v syncv 8.0 8.5 9.0 v input current current synchronization 16 i synci 330a reference ramp, see figure 7-1 on page 10 charging current 14 -i ? 1 100 a start voltage 3 -v max 1.85 1.95 2.05 v temperature coefficient of start voltage 3tc r -0.003 %/k final voltage 3 -v min (v 8 200 mv) r ? - reference voltage i ? = 10 a 11, 14 v r ? 0.96 1.02 1.10 v temperature coefficient i ? = 10 a i ? = 1 a 14 tc vr ? tc vr ? 0.03 0.06 %/k %/k pulse output current v 16 = -1.2 v, figure 7-2 on page 10 16 i 0 100 125 150 ma output pulse width v s = v limit c 3 = 3.3 nf, see figure 7-3 on page 10 16 t p 30 s automatic retriggering repetition rate i 15 150 a t pp 357.5t p threshold voltage 16 v i 20 60 mv soft start, see figure 7-4 and figure 7-5 on page 11 7 starting current v 7 = v 8 -i 0 51015a final current v 7-10 = -1v -i 0 15 25 40 a discharge current +i 0 0.5 ma output current 4 +i 0 0.2 2 ma mains voltage compensation, see figure 7-6 on page 11 15 transfer gain i 15 /i 5 15/5 (1 and 2 open) g i 14 17 20 output offset current v (r6) = v 15 = v 5 = 0 i 0 2a
9 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b load-current detection, r 1 = r 2 = 3 k , v 15 = 0, v 5 = v 6 = v 8, see figure 7-7 on page 12 transfer gain i 5 /150 mv, i 6 /150 mv g i 0.28 0.32 0.37 a/mv output offset currents 5, 6 , 7, 8 -i 0 036a reference voltage i 1 , i 2 = 100 a 1, 2 -v ref 300 400 mv shunt voltage amplitude see figure 1-2 on page 2 v (r6) 250 mv load-current limitation 6, 7, 8 high load switching threshold v t70 figure 7-9 on page 12 v t70 44.354.7 v overload switching threshold v t100 figure 7-10 on page 13 figure 7-11 on page 13 v t100 5.8 6.2 6.6 v restart switching threshold v t25 figure 7-8 on page 12 v t25 1.25 1.55 1.85 v input current enquiry mode i i 1a output impedance switching mode r 0 248k programming input, see figure 1-2 on page 2 9 input voltage - auto-start 9 open -v 9 3.8 4.3 4.7 v input current v 9 = 0 (a max ) v 9 = v 8 (i max ) -i 9 i 9 5 5 10 10 20 20 a a high load output, v t70 , see figure 7-9 on page 12 , i 12 = -3ma 11, 12 saturation voltages v 6-8 v t70 v 6-8 v t70 v sat v lim 0.5 7.0 0.75 7.4 1.0 7.8 v v overload output, v t100 , v 9 = open or v 9 = v 10 , see figure 7-10 on page 13 leakage current v 6-8 v t25 , v 13 = (v 11 +1)v 13 i lkg 0.5 a saturation voltages v 6-8 v t100 , i 13 = 10 a 11, 12, 13 v sat 0.1 v output current, maximum load v 9 = v 8, see figure 7-10 on page 13 13 i 13 1ma leakage current v 6 v t100 13 i lkg 4a output impedance open collector, v 6 v t100 13 r 0 248k saturation voltage v 6-8 v t100 , i 13 = 10 a 13 v 13-8 100 mv 6. electrical characteristics (continued) parameters test conditions pin symbol min. typ. max. unit
10 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 7. diagrams figure 7-1. ramp control figure 7-2. pulse output figure 7-3. output pulse width 250 pha s e an g le ( ) 200 150 100 50 0 0 200 400 600 8 00 1000 r ? (r 8 ) (k ) 33 nf 10 nf 6. 8 nf 4.7 nf 3 . 3 nf 2.2 nf c ? t = 1.5 nf 100 120 i gt (ma) 8 0 60 0 40 20 v gt = -1.2v 0 200 400 600 8 00 1000 r gt ( ) c ? = (nf) t p ( s ) 400 3 00 0 200 100 01020 3 0 t p / c ? = 9 s /nf
11 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b figure 7-4. soft-start charge current figure 7-5. soft-start characteristic figure 7-6. mains voltage compensation 0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10 v 7 (v) 50 i 7 (a) 40 3 0 0 20 10 v s = 1 3 v v 6 = v 8 reference point pin 8 0246 8 10 t ( s ) 10 12 i 7 (v) 8 6 0 4 2 v s = -1 3 v v 6 = v 8 reference point pin 8 1 f 2.2 f 4.7 f c ? = 10 f -2 -1 0 1 2 i 15 (ma) 0 i 5 (a) 40 8 0 200 120 160 reference point pin 10 pin s 1 a nd 2 open v s = -1 3 v
12 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b figure 7-7. load-current detection figure 7-8. restart switching auto start mode figure 7-9. high load switching (70%) -400 -200 0 200 400 v (r6) (mv) 200 0 i 5 (a) 40 8 0 120 160 reference point pin 8 v 6 = v ref = v 8 v s = -1 3 v v 15 = v 10 = 0v 0246 8 10 v 6- 8 (v) 20 0 -v 1 3 -10 (v) 4 8 12 16 v s = -1 3 v v t25 v t25 pin 9 open reference point s : v 1 3 = pin 10, v 6 = pin 8 01 2 3 45 67 v 6 (v) 10 0 v 11-12 (v) 2 4 6 8 i 12 = 3 ma reference point pin 8 v t170
13 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b figure 7-10. overload switching figure 7-11. load limitation figure 7-12. power dissipation of r 1 0246 8 10 t ( s ) 10 12 0 -v 1 3 -10 (v) 2 4 6 8 v t100 v s = -1 3 v v 9 = v 8 reference point s : v 1 3 = pin 10, v 6 = pin 8 0246 8 10 20 0 v 1 3 -10 (v) v 6- 8 (v) 4 8 12 16 v t100 v s = -1 3 v v 9 = v 10 reference point s : v 1 3 = pin 10, v 6 = pin 8 p v (w) 8 10 6 0 4 2 r 1 (k ) 01020 3 040 50
14 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b figure 7-13. power dissipation of r 1 according to current consumption figure 7-14. maximum resistance of r 1 10 8 6 0 4 2 0 3 6 9 12 15 i s (ma) p v (ma) v m = 2 3 0v ~ 8 0 100 60 0 40 20 r 1max (k ) i s (ma) 01020 3 040 50 v m = 2 3 0v ~
15 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b figure 7-15. application circuit a u tom a tic retriggering limiting detector volt a ge detector su pply volt a ge reference volt a ge volt a ge monitoring s oft s t a rt lo a d c u rrent compen sa tion m a in s volt a ge compen sa tion c u rrent detector level s hift o u tp u t overlo a d thre s hold s et point v (r6) = 250 mv high lo a d overlo a d lo a d l n 2 3 0v ~ progr a mm ab le overlo a d protection f u ll w a ve rectifier a u to- s t a rt ph as e control u nit ? = f(v 4 ) m a x m a x m a x i m a x lo a d c u rrent detector + + ++ 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14 1 3 12 10 9 16 1 11 1 a a b c d1 d 3 d2 1n414 8 led gnd b c u2010b 2 100 % 70 % r1 r11 r10 r14 p1 c5 c4 c2 0.1 f 0.15 f 4.7 f c1 22 f c 3 10 nf c7 1 f c6 1 f r6 r7 1 8 k /2w r 3 1 8 0 r4 3 . 3 k 100 k v s r2 33 0 k r12 220 k 470 k 1 m r 8 r9 r1 3 100 k r5 3 . 3 k 8 .2 k 1 m 50 k - + s 1 t1
16 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 9. package information 8. ordering information extended type number package remarks u2010b-xy dip16 tube, pb-free u2010b-xfpy so16 tube, pb-free u2010b-xfpg3y so16 taped and reeled, pb-free package dip16 dimensions in mm 0.5 min 1.64 1.44 technical drawings according to din specifications 20.0 max 4.8 max 3.3 7.82 7.42 6.4 max 0.39 max 9.75 8.15 0.58 0.48 2.54 17.78 alternative 16 9 18
17 4766c?indco?04/10 u2010b 10. revision history package: so 16 dimensions in mm specifications according to din technical drawings issue: 1; 15.08.06 drawing-no.: 6.541-5031.02-4 1 pin 1 identity 8 16 9 0.2 5 0.2 3.8 0.1 6 0.2 3.7 0.1 9.9 0.1 8.89 0.4 1.27 0.1 +0.15 1.4 please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision mentioned, not to this document. revision no. history 4766c-indco-04/10 ? put datasheet in the newest temlate ? pb-free logo on page 1 deleted ? figure 2-1 ?pinning dip16/so16? on page 3 changed 4766b-indco-08/05 ? put datasheet in the newest template ? pb-free logo on page 1 added ? section 8 ?ordering information? on page 16 changed
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